Tuesday, March 12, 2013

essay 2 - final draft


 Scott Johnson                                                                                                                                    
 Dr. Kerr       
 EN101-12
 12 March 2013
The Accounting Career Path: Public or Private
When it comes to the field of accounting, most people would just summarize it as one word, boring. This common misconception causes people to think that accountants sit at a desk and crunch numbers all day. However, this idea is far from the truth. The reality is that this is only a small part of an accountant’s job, depending on which type of accounting they are in. Generally speaking, accountants analyze and interpret financial information. What they do with this information depends upon what type of accountant they are. Public accountants can be thought of as “external” accountants because they provide accounting services such as auditing, consulting, and tax planning to corporations, organizations, and individuals (“Public Accounting vs. Private”). In contrast, private accountants can be thought of as “internal” accountants because they work within a single corporation or organization doing tasks such as preparing financial statements, cost accounting, budgeting, internal auditing, and corporate or treasury planning (“Public Accounting vs. Private”). Because of the differences between public and private accounting in the areas of tasks and responsibilities, work environment, and career opportunities, Public accounting seems to offer a more successful career.
While both private and public accounting involves analyzing financial information, the exact duties and tasks that each type do are different. Public accountants cover a broad area of accounting tasks such as analyzing budgets and financing, tax preparation, providing financial advice, auditing, and even forensic accounting. Because of this, public accountants usually specialize in a specific area of accounting. One specific area of accounting is tax accounting, where the accountant works with income tax returns and correctly files taxes in accordance with regulations (“What Does a Public Accountant Do?”). Generally, a public accountant works for many different clients, sometimes in different industries. Because of this, they develop a breadth of knowledge in different accounting issues (Freedman). While they still analyze financial information, private accountants usually work for a one corporation or organization. Private accountants perform many accounting tasks for the company they work for based on its financial information, which makes them specifically knowledgeable about that company’s finances (Freedman). When working for a larger, corporate firm, private accountants usually specialize in different areas of the company’s financial areas. One accountant may monitor company accounts and another may prepare financial statements. Private accountants higher up in the company may review financial statements, then create reports and provide analysis of data from them (Brenner). One similarity is how private accountants prepare financial statements. Many small, private companies in the U.S. have no reporting requirements besides filing income tax returns. However, many larger, corporate companies file in accordance with the U.S. GAAP (Hilmi). The U.S. GAAP are generally accepted accounting principles that have been derived over time from variety of sources, and they decide what accounting rules and regulations must be followed in preparing financial statements (Jenkins). Large corporations must file their financial statements in accordance with the U.S. GAAP because they are required by lenders, bonding agencies, regulators, business owners and other creditors (Hilmi). Many times, public accountants from outside firms come in to the company to investigate and make sure the financial statements are prepared correctly according to U.S. GAAP regulations and present the financial information fairly. In this situation, the public accountants will be doing accounting tasks similar to the private accountants.
            Despite the fact that they are in the same career field, the work environments of public and private accountants are different. Different work environments place each type of accountant in contrasting situations. A public accountant usually deals with many different clients. Clients can range from a company who is being audited, or, more commonly, an individual who is filing his or her tax return. Dealing with many different people tends to make public accounting more stressful because the accountant must meet a variety of demands (Freedman). Sometimes, public accountants may need to travel depending on the client and what type of accounting task it is that they are needed to do. Public accountants also deal with longer hours, especially during tax season, because they are working with many clients (Freedman). Since private accountants generally work within one company, they tend to work with a team of fellow accountants in an office setting (Freedman). This work environment is quite the opposite when compared to public accountants because dealing with a familiar group of co-workers is less stressful than dealing with numerous, unfamiliar clients. Private accountants may work longer days at the end of the month, when accounting records are finalized (Freedman). However, a private accountant will spend most days working a normal eight hours (“Public Accounting vs. Private”).
            An accountant’s different career opportunities and choices are largely affected depending on whether they choose to work for a public firm or a private corporation. The career outlook of public accounting makes it a more appealing choice over private accounting.  In public accounting, traveling and meeting many different clients tends to give an accountant more exposure in the business world than in private accounting, where one would only be able to make contacts within the company he or she works for (“Public Accounting vs. Private”). Public accountants generally get better experience because dealing with many different clients causes them to work with a variety of accounting issues. Because of this, experience in a public accounting firm looks better on a resume than experience from a private firm (“Public Accounting vs. Private”). In order for an accountant to open his or her own accounting firm, a large amount of experience in public accounting is needed (“Public Accounting vs. Private”). Private accountants still have options being that they can find work in many different industries because all corporations need internal accountants (Brenner). Also, Most private accountants get health and other benefits, paid vacation days, and sick leave after they have been with the company for some time (Brenner).
            Accounting is a profession that most people think of as dull and only for those who are good at math. The truth is that while working with numbers is a large part of an accountant’s job, the most important part is examining the meaning behind these numbers for financial purposes. Within accounting, there are many different career pathway choices. Both private and public accounting are popular career choices, and the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that employment growth for accounting of all types will rise at a rate of 22% between 2008 and 2018 (“What Does a Public Accountant Do?”). Both of these accounting types offer different benefits and opportunities, but public accounting is the best option from a career growth perspective. Despite the fact that someone in private accounting has the option of moving up to higher positions within the company they work for, public accounting offers better career opportunities because of the exposure to make contacts in the business world and the experience gained in a variety of accounting issues.


Works Cited
Brenner, Laurie. "What is a Private Accountant?."Chron.com. Hearst Communications inc., n.d. Web. 28 Feb 2013. <http://work.chron.com/private-accountant-16137.html>.
Freedman, John. "Public Accountants Vs. Corporate Accountants." Chron.com. Hearst Communications inc., n.d. Web. 28 Feb 2013. <http://work.chron.com/public-accountants-vs-corporate-accountants-9502.html>.
Hilmi Elifoglu I., Fitzsimons Adrian P., and Silliman Benjamin R. "Separate Financial Reporting Standards and Standard Setting for Private Companies." Review of Business 32.2 (2012): 23-32. Business Source Premier. Web. 23 Feb 2013.
Jenkins, Edmund L., and Cheri Reither Mazza. "Generally Accepted Accounting Principles." Encyclopedia of Business and Finance. Ed. Burton S. Kaliski. 2nd ed. Vol. 1. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2007. 339-341.Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 23 Feb. 2013.
"Public Accounting vs. Private Accounting."ipassthecpaexam.com. IPasstheCPAExam.com, n.d. Web. 28 Feb 2013. <http://ipassthecpaexam.com/public-accounting-vs-private/ >.
 "What Does a Public Accountant Do?." education-portal.com. Education-Portal.com, n.d. Web. 28 Feb 2013. <http://education-portal.com/articles/What_Does_a_Public_Accountant_Do.html>.

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